The inception of sin as revealed in Genesis 3 is tied to the emergence and evolution of costume: chagoroth (that is, loincloth, in Genesis 3:7) and kathnuth ‘or (garment of skin in Genesis 3:21). However, through the centuries, humans had faced the changing patterns and designs of costume. This is typical of the Asarama people of Rivers State, Niger Delta. This paper therefore examines and submits that the pre-colonial male costume consisted of Mkpopu (George) used by ‘free born’ male elders tied mainly for identification purpose. Latter additions were Ekut-ikpo (towel-like clothe) and Alo (foreign wax). The pre-colonial female costume were Asi-ebon-iiba (double waist-beads) tied around the waist without any dress on top. Others were velvet and Ikaki, Tawul-irakebon and Dembesi (English damask). The Colonial/post colonial male costume were Mkpopu though used by females also at this time, Etibor, Owokor, Atoro-onyedua (nicknamed okirika) and trousers were added. The Colonial/post colonial female costume was made up of a pair of trousers, and Atoro-onye-dua or etomelekekene- isim aided by modernism. The evolution of costume in Genesis 3 is made evident among Asarama people of Rivers State, Niger Delta

The main objective of the study is to investigate the activities of garment production in relation to computer technology, expose garment producers to some useful computer applications and also to sensitize them to take advantage of the advancement in Computer Technology. The findings of the study revealed the plight and burden of the garment producers. Most of the garment producers had the basic equipments that are just necessary to stay in business but not sophisticated machinery that can be used to produce to meet international standards. Three major problems confronting the garment producers were (a) inability to produce on a large scale (b) inability to produce at competitive prices and (c) inability to satisfy quality standards. Garment producers found in the Accra-Tema metropolis did not have much knowledge of computer technology, but they were delighted about the information that would relieve them of their problem of speed and productivity. Although they listed some disadvantages that may be related to CAD, the advantages outweighed the disadvantages. The study makes recommendation to incorporate computer technology in the fashion curriculum to equip students with the skills ready for the world of work.

The study investigated the problems faced by garment producers in the production and exportation of garments under the AGOA initiative. The proportionate random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 100 non-exporters and 10 exporters respectively from Accra and Tema. Data was collected using a well structured interview questionnaire and observation guide. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the data and the results presented in frequency and percentage distributions, bar charts and cross-tabulations. The non-exporters lacked finances; market; skilled and reliable workers; information and sensitization; and had difficulty in adhering to the guidelines of the initiative. The problems faced by the exporters were cumbersome export processing procedures; customs officials’ lack of education on AGOA; high cost of production; lack of raw materials to satisfy buyer specifications; and lack of good quality packaging materials. The Chi-square one-variable method indicated a relationship between the type of training and problems encountered in the production of garments under the AGOA initiative. It is suggested that garment producers form clusters and pool their resources together to effectively deliver good quality garments on schedule.

This paper explores the art-historical contexts cum political ramifications of Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah’s preachment on his honorific sculptural archetypes produced by both foreign and local sculptors; and draw renewed attention to the iconic freestanding imperial portraits and reliefs of Nkrumah. It also attempts to explore the use of coinage and other sculptural imageries in constructing and signaling politico-cultural nationalism and identity of Nkrumah.

This paper investigated the rationale for the use of public relation initiatives by teachers of agricultural science to promote their programmes to the public. It has been observed that most of the success stories about schools agricultural science programmes hardly get to the public thereby creating a wide communication gap between what the school and the teachers of agriculture are doing and the need, interest and developmental strides of the community where the schools are located. Four (4) research questions and one hypothesis were generated for the study. The sample used consisted of 60 teachers of agricultural science, who were sampled through a stratified random sampling techniques from the three senatorial distinct in the state. Three (3) sets of questionnaire containing 25 items were used for data collection. The data were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study revealed that the teachers of agricultural science do not publicise their programmes “success stories” to the public. They however agreed with the public relation initiatives suggested for consideration when planning agricultural science programmes to serve the public interest. There was no significant difference in the opinion of the teachers in both public and private secondary schools. Based on the finding of the study, it was recommended, among others, that all teachers of agricultural science should develop effective educational programmes and success stories that are catchy in nature for “sell out” to the public on regular basis. Parents, officials of the Ministry of Education and Agriculture and other stakeholders of the school system should be invited on regular basis to observe the school farms, agricultural science activities, during PTA meetings, inter house sport competitions, agric shows and others, so as to have a first hand information about the agricultural science success stories in each school.

Communicative approach of language teaching has attracted considerable attention since the early 1970s. The main argument reveals that communicative competence has been seen as one of the central goals to achieve for language learners. This derives mainly from the belief that language is a means of communication. Students in the English as Foreign Language (EFL) context are usually described as silent learners due to deficient communicative competence, along with the effect of traditional teacher-centered instruction approach. In a teacher-centered teaching environment, the students usually play passive roles who receive information or knowledge mainly from the teachers. Instead, the teachers play dominating roles, who decide and control almost the entire teaching and learning process. This paper intends to employ communication-based activity—simulation— to understand the participants? perceptions and their problems when they use the target language in real situations. Forty-seven students take part in this case study. The results indicate that most of the participants hold positive attitudes toward simulation activities, regardless of their English proficiency. However, the participants also express their concerns, such as speaking anxiety, lack of confidence. To help the students rebuild their confidence, the teachers are suggested to develop appropriate communicative-based activities to increase the students? learning efficiency.

Learning new words or idioms in L2 is a complicated process involving a variety of sub-processes and tasks. This experimental study investigated the popular belief of many foreign language teachers that words learned with the use of two tasks- receptive and productive- are better retained receptively than words that are learned just receptively. Accordingly, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of two task types; namely, receptive and productive, on learning English words and idioms. For this purpose, 75 upper-intermediate EFL students were chosen and divided into three groups randomly. One group received a receptive task while in the second group productive tasks were implemented. The third group, however, learned the words with the combination of receptive and productive tasks. Immediate and delayed receptive and productive tests were given. The results revealed that although both tasks led to significant gains in the receptive tests, the productive task group significantly outperformed on the productive tests. However, the optimal learning happened in the third group where both task types were used. With regard to task types, findings are pedagogically helpful for not only EFL teachers, but also for EFL students.

The paper was divided into sections with the introduction coming first.  In the introduction, it was observed that language played an important role in literature as in everyday life; language expressed the themes of literary works.  It was noted that this study fell within the framework of stylistic criticism.  In another section, Dickens?s deployment of irony to ridicule officials of the work house was treated.  Proverbs as a device for cultural projection in Arrow of God was also treated.  And varieties of English in the novels under study were noted to contribute to the development of the themes and characters.  The main findings of the study included the following:  Language conveys the themes and it is a means of characterization.  Irony and proverbs are tools of satire used in Oliver Twist and Arrow of God to ridicule individuals and government policies in order to bring about the desired change in the societies portrayed.  Language is a major factor in the classification of the novel according to region.

This paper is a critical analysis of the theme of betrayal of friendship as a human experience in four selected Akan folktales (Afs). It leans on the Horatian view of literature as useful and pleasurable and also on the Performance Theory which considers the folkloric tale-text in its ,entirety as oral literature. Apart from the human beings, the other characters of the four selected  Afs are animals and supernatural beings that are personified. Therefore, betrayal in the stories actually reflects what occurs in human society. The paper attempts to find the dimensions of betrayal of friendship as to the causes, consequences and lessons. An individual can betray an individual or a group, whether that individual or group is high and mighty or low and vulnerable. In all the Afs studied, betrayal of friendship stems from greed and manifests itself in several ways such as disloyalty and cheating. The consequences are grave and can lead to ingrained hatred and chaos. The betrayed gets hurt and revengeful while the betrayer may suffer punishment or shame. However, betrayers sometimes escape punishment whereas their accomplices usually get punished. An agreement between friends may be based on trust only, but it is better that the terms and conditions are clearly stated. Unarguably, integrity and loyalty are sine qua non in an agreement if betrayal is to be avoided and friendship sustained, thereby maintaining social harmony and cohesion. It is noted that the Akan society, like others, abhors betrayal of friendship and indeed all betrayal-related vices such as greed and corruption. This is invariably expressed by the audience as captured during the performances of the selected tales. It is concluded that the Afs are a powerful medium for examining betrayal of friendship as well as society?s disapproval of betrayal and its associated social cankers.