The purpose of the study to find out the motivational factors in the classroom that affects the learning. The objectives of the present study were To find out motivational factors for student learning in the classroom, the teacher’s role in the classroom environment, the strategies to maintain healthy learning environment in the classroom, role of discipline in maintaining healthy learning environment in the classroom, variation in responses of male and female students for different factors of classroom learning environment questionnaire. The target population is male and female students of different government secondary school of Lahore. Total 5 schools were taken and the sample of the study was 150 students. Furthermore, 30 students were taken from each school. The sample was selected through simple random and cluster sampling. A questionnaire was used as a tool. The data was analyzed on the basis of descriptive statistics under the frequency option, percentages, Mean, Standard deviation and T-test. The study indicated that there is no significance differences exist about perception of discipline in classroom for students and regarding teaching strategies used by teachers on the basis of gender. But students motivational level different in male and females.

This study was conducted with a key purpose to examine the significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female students in University of the Punjab. Three hundred and forty (340) students were selected, 170 male and 170 female students from the four out of twenty faculties of University of the Punjab randomly. In this study, hypotheses were formulated. t-test was used to analyze the difference between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female students. Regression test was used to check the relation between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of the male and rural students. The results showed that there was significant difference between academic achievement of male and females students and insignificant difference between emotional intelligence of male and female students. There was no significant relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female students in University of the Punjab.

Background: Essential hypertension is the most prevalent type, affecting most of hypertensive patients. It increases progressively with age. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of slow deep breathing exercise on blood pressure and heart rate among newly diagnosed patients with essential hypertension. Research hypotheses were H1-There will be a statistical significant difference in blood pressure before and after breathing exercises. H 2- There will be a statistical significant difference in heart rate before and after breathing exercises. Design: A quasi-experimental. Setting: The study was conducted in medical and surgical departments at a general governmental Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. Sample: A convenient sample of 120 adult patients. Tools: (a) the Structured Interview Questionnaire. It covers personal and Medical background data (b) Assessment data sheet: designed by the researchers, to record BP and heart rate measurements, (c) Automated digital Sphygmomanometer. Results: A total of 120 adult patients; Most of them was males, their age ranged from 51- 60 years and married. There is no statistical significant differences were found in socio-demographic variables in relation to systolic and diastolic BP as well as heart rate before and after intervention . High statistical significant difference was found in systolic and diastolic BP as well as in heart rate between before and after intervention. Conclusion: practicing slow deep breathing exercise decreased the systolic and diastolic BP as well as heart rate of patients with essential hypertension. Recommendation Replicate this study on a larger population with different medical diagnosis to ensure generalization of results.

The present research aimed to explore the weaknesses of the assessment criteria in relevance to the performance of the student in the subject English of grade XI-XII. The research was conducted to analyze the theoretical framework of assessment and practical pattern, practiced in public Examinations. The data have been collected from the handbook of National Curriculum document, 2006, up-to-date papers of the English subject (2007- 2010), experts, teachers and students of respective classes. The mixed method approach was used for the interpretation of data. The major issues regarding the nature of assessment and its relevance with curriculum objectives has been studied. Comparison about the content, teaching methods, evaluation and objectives at intermediate level in the opinions of experts, teachers and student was analyzed. A descriptive and qualitative analysis was used. The findings of the study exposed that there is need to improve the quality of assessment to fulfill the desired learning outcomes. Assessment system suffers from multiple deficiencies like rote learning and assessing lower level skills. Methods of assessment have not been shifted from theory to performance in Pakistan.

Higher education institutions in south Asia are faced with two fold pressure; need to expand and demand to enhance the quality. In this region mechanism of quality assurance is at very nascent stage and faced with problems of resources limitations: economic resources are insufficient and human resources are underdeveloped. But the expansion and implementation of QA mechanism is helping to improve the quality of higher education and better utilization of resources. Assistance of international organizations, which are working for quality assurance mechanism, is important to enhance human capacity QA mechanisms’ credibility. This study is designed to map the state of higher education and quality assurance, to investigate into the role of international organization (INQAAHE) in the expansion of QA and to probe the questions: What are south Asian countries doing for quality enhancement and assurance? How is it expanding? What are the national needs?

Basically, Dual Education System or PSG, or a dual system of education is a system of vocational competency training conducted in vocational schools and businesses working to produce middle-level personnel with specialized skills. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of working practices within the hotel industry or restaurant that was an educational program at SMK 8 Makassar aimed at: 1) Improving the quality and relevance of vocational education through participation of industrial partners; 2) Producing graduates who have the knowledge, skills and work ethic that was in accordance to the demands of employment within and outside the country; 3) Produce graduates who have the skills, knowledge and attitude that became the basis of the provision of sustainable development itself; 4) giving recognition and appreciation of work experience as part of the educational process; and 5) improving the efficiency of secondary education, vocational education through the use of performance is available in the world of work. Data were obtained through personal interviews with students who have undergone the practice within the hotel industry working or different restaurants abroad by considering the skill, knowledge and attitude the students get from hotels or restaurants respectively. The results showed that the educational institution has advantages and disadvantages in providing a briefing to the students in English, ICT, and discipline, basic common core competencies, either for students or teachers as students' mentors of industry practice.

Today’s environmental problems are structurally anchored in our societies and our ways of life. Nowhere has this issue been so pronounced than in developing countries. In Bangladesh, rural people are arsenic contaminated and urban people are mostly exposed to the polluted water and air, recurring natural disasters and a dwindling natural resource base. It is one of the poorest countries of the developing world, with a low resource base, a very low land-man ratio, and is threatened by both natural hazards and overexploitation. However this resource base is under see threat and environmental planning is necessary to signal any hope for survival with dignity and sustainability. This collective action problem stems from years of public insensitivity and lack of genuine consciousness for environmental justice. In this paper, it is argued that, for Bangladesh to truly achieve sustainable environmental quality and protection, a formal environmental citizenship education and consciousness program should be established. In addition to poor and/or ineffective environmental regulations, it is further argued that lack of citizens’ consciousness of certain environmental risks could be blamed, in part, for the country’s poor environmental awareness education. A consciousness of environmental risk factors could galvanize citizens to capitalize on their social capital as a vehicle to address issues of environmental quality. Any environmental citizenship education and awareness program should be designed with the ultimate goal of promoting responsible environmental behavior.

The Pre-University (PU) stage of education is significant for students as it is the connecting bridge between school and professional life. Therefore, this stage must instill the essential skills within students which will facilitate the students to pursue higher education or apply for the field of work. To achieve the development of students with the required skills to be independent and skilled, it is imperative for the teacher to use teaching skills in the precise manner. Teaching skills is the vital link necessary to translate the teachers’ theoretical knowledge to the students thereby promoting effective learning by the students. This study focuses on the missing and much needed teaching skills which are deemed important for a Pre-University teacher of the 21st century. The researchers also suggest a great demand and necessity for training Pre-University teachers to enhance their teaching skills required for the successful development of the 21st century learners.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between learning styles and progressive teaching methods among high schools students in the city of Isfahan. This study is a practical research from purpose view and is a descriptive-correlation one from research methodology perspective. The statistical population of this study includes all of the male and female students of high schools in the city of Isfahan in 2010-2011 academic year. This population consists of 86142 students. A sample of 150 students has been selected from this population through multi-stages cluster sampling. This sample consists of 79 female students and 71 male ones. In order to collect the research data, a standard questionnaire and a self-administrated questionnaire has been used. The first questionnaire that has been developed by Reid was used for examining learning styles among students and the second self-administrated one has been used for investigating the teaching methods. The reliability of the questionnaires has been examined through Cronbachs’ Alpha Coefficient. The coefficient was 0.68 and 0.94 for our questionnaire and confirms reliability of the questionnaires. Also the supervisor and other professors have been asked to review and modify the questionnaire and thereby its face validity has been examined and confirmed. The results of this study revealed that there is not any significant relationship between individual learning style and students’ preferred teaching methods. Also the results indicated that there is not any significant relationship between collective learning styles and students’ preferred teaching methods. Another part of the results showed that the relationship between project learning style and students’ preferred teaching methods is significant. Finally, the observed difference between students’ average of learning styles and their preferred teaching methods in terms of gender was significant.